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【bio-news】一般感冒元凶不是病毒

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Common Cold Symptoms Caused By Immune System -- Not The Cold Virus

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/10/081029101201.htm

ScienceDaily (Oct. 30, 2008) — A University of Calgary scientist confirms that it is how our immune system responds, not the rhinovirus itself, that causes cold symptoms. Of more than 100 different viruses that can cause the common cold, human rhinoviruses are the major cause.

The research, published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, is the first study to comprehensively review gene changes in rhinovirus. “The study’s findings are a major step toward more targeted cold prevention and treatment strategies while also serving as a valuable roadmap for the broader respiratory science community,” says David Proud, PhD, a professor in the Department of Physiology and Biophysics at the Faculty of Medicine, and lead author of the study.

Proud adds that while colds are usually considered to be minor infections of the nose and throat, they can have much more serious health repercussions. “Rhinovirus is the major cause of the common cold, but it is also an important pathogen in more serious conditions, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),” Proud says.

For example, children who get recurrent rhinovirus-induced wheezing in early life are 10 times more likely to develop asthma. Rhinovirus infections are also a major cause of acute attacks of asthma and COPD and, therefore, exert a huge impact on health care costs.

The study was done in collaboration with scientists at the University of Virginia and the Procter & Gamble Company. Dr. Ron Turner, of the University of Virginia, is one of the study’s authors. He says, “Advances in our understanding of the biology of the common cold may eventually lead to improvements in treatment or methods for prevention of colds.”

In the past, researchers have measured specific compounds made by the body that may protect against a cold or may be triggered by a cold virus. This is the first time anyone has conducted a comprehensive assessment of what happens when a rhinovirus infects a person. This is also the first time researchers have established that a recently discovered antiviral protein called viperin plays a role in our body’s defense against rhinovirus. That discovery will lead scientists to targeted study and treatments against the common cold.

This assessment of gene changes was conducted using gene chip technology, performed by scientists at Proctor & Gamble. With this technology scientists can see every gene in the human genome, and see how genes respond to a stimulus, in this case a cold virus.

The results of this study will open new lines of investigation into how rhinovirus impacts asthma and COPD. A new Experimental Lung Research Suite at the University of Calgary will be integral to developing new research strategies to aid patients with asthma and COPD.

David Proud is a member of the Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation He is a Canada Research Chair in Inflammatory Airway Diseases. His research is supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR).

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2008-10-31 09:03 浏览 : 406 回复 : 2

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ludong_0 编辑于 2008-10-31 09:13

• 临床要不要去做超声？超声科待遇怎么样？

依水佛兰

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本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领。

2008-10-31 15:06

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• 医院试工害怕被「白嫖」怎么办？究竟去还是不去？

依水佛兰

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感冒症状是由免疫系统引起，而非病毒本身所致

科学日报（2008.10.30）Calgary大学的一名科学家证实了引起感冒症状的是我们自身的免疫系统，而非鼻病毒。鼻病毒是可以引起感冒的100多种病毒之一。

这一项研究结果，发表在美国呼吸与危重症杂志（the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine）上，是首次包括了鼻病毒的基因变异研究。

“这项研究的发现使对感冒的预防与治疗迈进了一大步，同时对更广泛的呼吸系统的科学研究提供了富有价值的指引。”该研究领域的先驱，医学院生理和生物物理教授，David Proud, PhD这样说。

Proud指出，虽然感冒通常被认为主要感染了鼻和咽喉，但已经引起了更为广泛的健康反馈。“鼻病毒主要引起感冒，但它也是一个重要的条件致病菌，如哮喘与慢性阻塞性肺炎（COPD）。”Proud说。

例如，小时候由于反复鼻病毒引起哮鸣多于10次的儿童，就很有可能发展成为哮喘。鼻病毒感染也是引起哮喘和COPD急性发作的主要原因，因此，对医疗体系造成巨大影响。

该研究是由Virginia大学的科学家们与Procter & Gamble 公司合作完成了的。研究者之一的Ron Turner博士说，“从生物学上深刻地认识感冒，最终会导致对感冒的治疗和预防措施的变革。”

过去，研究者们认为，身体会为了保护机体对抗感冒或受感冒病毒的刺激而产生
一些特殊的物质。这是在鼻病毒感染人体的时候，机体第一时间内对其所产生的广泛的反应。这也是研究者们首先确定最新发现的一种叫做蝰病毒的抗病毒蛋白在我们身体防
御鼻病毒时所发挥的作用。发现将会导致科学家们对感冒的研究和治疗的关注。

基因变异鉴定所用的基因芯片技术由Proctor & Gamble的科学家们完成。运用这项技术，科学家们可以看到人类基因组的每一个基因，并观察到基因对一个外界刺激，这次是感冒病毒，如何产生反应。这项研究的结果将会为研究鼻病毒如何影响哮喘和COPD开辟新思路。在Calgary大学的一系列关于肺的实验性新研究将会发展为治疗患者哮喘和COPD的新研究策略。

David Proud是Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder感染、免疫、炎症协会的成员之一，Canada呼吸道炎性疾病研究会主席，他的研究为加拿大健康研究协会所支持。

2008-10-31 15:08

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依水佛兰编辑于 2008-10-31 15:13

• 突发！传闻浙一有人投炸弹了，4人受伤

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【bio-news】一般感冒元凶不是病毒

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