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【medical-news】常见心律失常的细胞源

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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091104132817.htm

Cellular Source Of Most Common Type Of Abnormal Heart Beat Described

ScienceDaily (Nov. 13, 2009) — While studying how the heart is formed, scientists at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine serendipitously found a novel cellular source of atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common type of abnormal heart beat. Jonathan Epstein, MD, William Wikoff Smith Professor, and Chair, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, and Vickas Patel, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, have identified a population of cells in the atria of the heart and pulmonary veins of humans and mice that appear to be the seat of AF. The finding may lead to a more precise way to treat AF, with reduced side effects.

This group of cells expresses the protein DCT, which is also involved in making the skin pigment melanin and in the detoxification of free radicals. The researchers also showed that the DCT-expressing cells in the mouse heart were a distinct cell type from heart-muscle cells and pigment-producing cells, although they conduct electrical currents important for coordinated contraction of the heart. The location of these cells in the pulmonary veins suggested their possible role in AF because AF can arise in these blood vessels. Atrial fibrillation is a very common and debilitating disease that greatly affects quality of life.

Knowing the location of these cells may help develop better treatments for AF. "We already target the pulmonary veins for radiofrequency ablation, a nonsurgical procedure using radiofrequency energy similar to microwaves, to treat some types of rapid heart beating as a relatively new treatment, and sometimes cure, for AF," notes Epstein.

"For the most part, current drug therapy for atrial fibrillation has been disappointingly ineffective and drug therapy is often associated with burdensome side-effects," notes Patel."

"If these cells are truly the source of AF in some patients, and we can figure out a way to identify them, then our ablation can be far more precise and targeted, thus limiting potential side effects, making the procedure potentially more simple and rapid, and hence more cost effective," explains Epstein.

But the investigators caution more research is needed to get to the point where these ideas can be validated in patients. "The findings hold out promise for a more precise cellular target for treating this common disorder," adds Epstein.

Their findings appear online in the Journal of Clinical Investigation. This research was funded by grants from the NIH, the Cotswold Foundation, the WW Smith Endowed Professorship, the W.W. Smith Chartiable Trust, and the Gunther Fund for Cardiovascular Research.

Cardiac melanocyte-like cells in the mouse heart, identified by transgenic expression of a marker gene, are located in the region of the atria and the pulmonary veins and may serve as triggers for atrial arrhythmias. (Credit: Jon Epstein, MD, Vickas Patel, MD, PhD, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine)

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2009-11-15 21:17 浏览 : 1163 回复 : 6

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本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领。

2009-11-16 21:31

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粗译：
Cellular Source Of Most Common Type Of Abnormal Heart Beat Described
常见心律失常的细胞源
1.ScienceDaily (Nov. 13, 2009) — While studying how the heart is formed, scientists at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine serendipitously found a novel cellular source of atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common type of abnormal heart beat. Jonathan Epstein, MD, William Wikoff Smith Professor, and Chair, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, and Vickas Patel, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, have identified a population of cells in the atria of the heart and pulmonary veins of humans and mice that appear to be the seat of AF. The finding may lead to a more precise way to treat AF, with reduced side effects.
每日科技（2009.11.13）在研究心脏是如何形成的时候，宾夕法尼亚大学医学院的科学家们偶然发现一个导致房颤的新的细胞源。房颤是最常见的一种心律失常。Jonathan Epstein、William、Vickas等人,在人和小鼠的心脏动脉和肺静脉中确定了这类细胞的所在。这项发现可能衍生出一种更加精确地治疗房颤的方法，同时可以减少治疗的副作用。
2.This group of cells expresses the protein DCT, which is also involved in making the skin pigment melanin and in the detoxification of free radicals. The researchers also showed that the DCT-expressing cells in the mouse heart were a distinct cell type from heart-muscle cells and pigment-producing cells, although they conduct electrical currents important for coordinated contraction of the heart. The location of these cells in the pulmonary veins suggested their possible role in AF because AF can arise in these blood vessels. Atrial fibrillation is a very common and debilitating disease that greatly affects quality of life.
这一组细胞表达DCT蛋白，而这类蛋白也表达在皮肤的黑色素颗粒中和清除自由基的过程中。研究人员同时发现小鼠心脏中表达DCT的细胞虽然在点活动的传导过程中起着重要的作用，可却是不同于心脏平滑肌细胞和黑色素生成细胞。这些细胞在肺静脉中的定位提示它们可能在AF中扮演着某种角色，因为AF可以起源于这些血管。AF是一种常见的、严重影响生活质量的一种疾病。
3.Knowing the location of these cells may help develop better treatments for AF. "We already target the pulmonary veins for radiofrequency ablation, a nonsurgical procedure using radiofrequency energy similar to microwaves, to treat some types of rapid heart beating as a relatively new treatment, and sometimes cure, for AF," notes Epstein.
知道了这些细胞的定位可能对治疗AF有所帮助。斯坦教授说：“我们已经开始利用类似于微波的射频能量靶向切除肺静脉这一相对先进的治疗手段来处理一些快速心律失常，有时候能够治愈，例如AF。”
4."For the most part, current drug therapy for atrial fibrillation has been disappointingly ineffective and drug therapy is often associated with burdensome side-effects," notes Patel."
帕特尔助教提到：对大多数病例来说，目前的用于治疗房颤的药物疗效不理想，并且药物治疗常常引起恼人的副作用。
5."If these cells are truly the source of AF in some patients, and we can figure out a way to identify them, then our ablation can be far more precise and targeted, thus limiting potential side effects, making the procedure potentially more simple and rapid, and hence more cost effective," explains Epstein.
斯坦教授解释说：“如果对一些病人而言，这些细胞真的是房颤的起源点的话，我们可以找出一种确定它们的方法，然后采用更精确的靶向切除，整个过程将会更加简单、更加迅速，更加有效，同时副作用也较小。”
6.But the investigators caution more research is needed to get to the point where these ideas can be validated in patients. "The findings hold out promise for a more precise cellular target for treating this common disorder," adds Epstein.
斯坦教授还认为：研究者还是应该慎重的进行更多的试验来证实这些发现在病人身上是否有效。提示了一种更加有效的细胞靶向治疗的手段来对付这种常见的疾病。

2009-11-17 15:08

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liwei106 编辑于 2009-11-17 15:11

• 医院试工害怕被「白嫖」怎么办？究竟去还是不去？

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编译：
常见心律失常的细胞源
每日科技（2009.11.13）在研究心脏是如何形成的时候，宾夕法尼亚大学医学院的科学家们偶然发现一个导致房颤的新的细胞源。房颤是最常见的一种心律失常。Jonathan Epstein、William、Vickas等人,在人和小鼠的心脏动脉和肺静脉中确定了这类细胞的所在。这项发现可能衍生出一种更加精确地治疗房颤的方法，同时可以减少治疗的副作用。
这一组细胞表达DCT蛋白，而这类蛋白也表达在皮肤的黑色素颗粒中和清除自由基的过程中。研究人员同时发现小鼠心脏中表达DCT的细胞虽然在点活动的传导过程中起着重要的作用，可却不同于心脏平滑肌细胞和黑色素生成细胞。这些细胞在肺静脉中的定位提示它们可能在AF中扮演着某种角色‘因为AF可以起源于这些血管。众所周知《AF是一种常见的、严重影响生活质量的一种疾病。
知道了这些细胞的定位可能对治疗AF有所帮助。斯坦教授说：“我们已经开始利用类似于微波的射频能量靶向切除肺静脉这一相对先进的治疗手段来处理一些快速心律失常，有时候能够治愈，例如AF。”
帕特尔助教提到：对大多数病例来说，目前的用于治疗房颤的药物疗效不理想，并且药物治疗常常引起恼人的副作用
斯坦教授解释说：“如果对一些病人而言，这些细胞真的是房颤的起源点的话，我们可以找出一种确定它们的方法，然后采用更精确的靶向切除，整个过程将会更加简单、更加迅速，更加有效，同时副作用也较小。”
斯坦教授还认为：研究者还是应该慎重的进行更多的试验来证实这些发现在病人身上是否有效。提示了一种更加有效的细胞靶向治疗的手段来对付这种常见的疾病。

2009-11-17 15:13

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