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【medical-news】生物钟也许并非你所想

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We all know that light effects the growth and development of plants, but what effect does light have on humans and animals? A new paper by Nathalie Hoang et al., published in PLoS Biology, explores this question by examining cryptochromes in flies, mice, and humans.

In plants, cryptochromes are photoreceptor proteins which absorb and process blue light for functions such as growth, seedling development, and leaf and stem expansion. Cryptochromes are present in humans and animals as well and have been proven to regulate the mechanisms of the circadian clock. But how they work in humans and animals is still somewhat of a mystery.

When plants are exposed to blue light, they experience a reduction in flavin pigments. This reduction activates the cryptochromes and thus allows for growth and seedling development. Hoang et al. sought to study the effect of blue light on fly, animal, and human cryptochromes by exposing them to blue light and measuring the change in the number of oxidized flavins. After a prolonged exposure to blue light, the authors found that the number of flavins did in fact decrease, as they do in plants.

While this research reveals a similarity in the responses of flies, mice, humans, and plants to blue light, the decrease in flavins affects circadian rhythms differently. The mouse cryptochromes, Mcry1 and Mcry2, interact with key parts of the circadian clock: mice with these cryptochromes missing exhibited a complete loss in circadian rhythm behaviors such as wheel-running. However, this change in behavior was independent of light exposure.

Although this paper by Hoang, et al, shows that cryptochromes in animals and humans do respond to light in a similar fashion to those in plants, the question as to how exactly light effects them is still open for further research. Although cryptochromes are mainly found in the retina of the eye, they are also present in many different tissues of the body that are close to the surface. This suggests that cryptochromes may have non-visual functions, and may also affect protein levels and behavior.

http://www.mphtimes.com/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=1646&extra=page%3D1&frombbs=1

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2008-07-02 09:20 浏览 : 722 回复 : 2

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2008-07-02 15:36

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We all know that light effects the growth and development of plants, but what effect does light have on humans and animals?
我们都知道光可以影响植物的生长发育，那么光对人类和动物的生长发育是不是也有影响呢?
A new paper by Nathalie Hoang et al., published in PLoS Biology, explores this question by examining cryptochromes in flies, mice, and humans.
发表在PLoS Biology杂志的由Nathalie Hoang et al.撰写的一篇新论文就是通过检测苍蝇、老鼠和人体内的隐花色素来探讨这个问题的。
In plants, cryptochromes are photoreceptor proteins which absorb and process blue light for functions such as growth, seedling development, and leaf and stem expansion.
在植物中，隐花色素是吸收和处理蓝光的光感蛋白，而它具有促进生长、幼苗发育和茎叶的扩展的作用。
Cryptochromes are present in humans and animals as well and have been proven to regulate the mechanisms of the circadian clock. But how they work in humans and animals is still somewhat of a mystery.
隐花色素在人体和动物体内也有表达，并且已被证明可以调节生物钟。但是他们在人体和动物体内怎样工作仍是个谜。
When plants are exposed to blue light, they experience a reduction in flavin pigments. This reduction activates the cryptochromes and thus allows for growth and seedling development.
植物照射蓝光，体内的黄素色素减少。这就刺激了隐花色素的分泌，从而促进了生长和幼苗发育。
Hoang et al. sought to study the effect of blue light on fly, animal, and human cryptochromes by exposing them to blue light and measuring the change in the number of oxidized flavins.
Hoang et al.通过让苍蝇、动物和人类照射蓝光并检测他们体内被氧化的黄素类物质的数量来探究蓝光对他们的作用。
After a prolonged exposure to blue light, the authors found that the number of flavins did in fact decrease, as they do in plants.
作者发现，经过长期照射蓝光他们体内的黄素类物质的数量确实减少了，就像在植物体内的变化一样。
While this research reveals a similarity in the responses of flies, mice, humans, and plants to blue light, the decrease in flavins affects circadian rhythms differently.
虽然这个研究揭示了在苍蝇、老鼠、人类和植物对蓝光的反应是一样的，但是黄素类物质的减少对生物节律的作用却不同。
The mouse cryptochromes, Mcry1 and Mcry2, interact with key parts of the circadian clock: mice with these cryptochromes missing exhibited a complete loss in circadian rhythm behaviors such as wheel-running. However, this change in behavior was independent of light exposure.
老鼠体内的隐花色素、Mcry1 和 Mcry2与生物钟的重要部分相互作用：隐花色素减少的老鼠的生物节律的完全消失。然而，这个行为改变与暴光无关。
Although this paper by Hoang, et al, shows that cryptochromes in animals and humans do respond to light in a similar fashion to those in plants, the question as to how exactly light effects them is still open for further research.
尽管Hoang, et al写得这篇论文告诉我们动物和人类体内的隐花色素确实是对光的反应，在反应类型上与植物的是一样的，但是，关于光怎样准确的影响他们这个问题仍旧需要深入研究。
Although cryptochromes are mainly found in the retina of the eye, they are also present in many different tissues of the body that are close to the surface. This suggests that cryptochromes may have non-visual functions, and may also affect protein levels and behavior.
隐花色素主要存在于视网膜中，但是他们在身体的很多靠近表皮的组织也有表达。这说明隐花色素可能没有可视功能，也可能影响蛋白质水平和表达。

我们都知道光可以影响植物的生长发育，那么光对人类和动物的生长发育是不是也有影响呢?发表在PLoS Biology杂志的由Nathalie Hoang et al.撰写的一篇新论文就是通过检测苍蝇、老鼠和人体内的隐花色素来探讨这个问题的。

在植物中，隐花色素是吸收和处理蓝光的光感蛋白，而它具有促进生长、幼苗发育和茎叶的扩展的作用。隐花色素在人体和动物体内也有表达，并且已被证明可以调节生物钟。但是他们在人体和动物体内怎样工作仍是个谜。

植物照射蓝光，体内的黄素色素减少。这就刺激了隐花色素的分泌，从而促进了生长和幼苗发育。Hoang et al.通过让苍蝇、动物和人类照射蓝光并检测他们体内被氧化的黄素类物质的数量来探究蓝光对他们的作用。作者发现，经过长期照射蓝光他们体内的黄素类物质的数量确实减少了，就像在植物体内的变化一样。

虽然这个研究揭示了在苍蝇、老鼠、人类和植物对蓝光的反应是一样的，但是黄素类物质的减少对生物节律的作用却不同。老鼠体内的隐花色素、Mcry1 和 Mcry2与生物钟的重要部分相互作用：隐花色素减少的老鼠的生物节律的完全消失。然而，这个行为改变与暴光无关。

尽管Hoang, et al写得这篇论文告诉我们动物和人类体内的隐花色素确实是对光的反应，在反应类型上与植物的是一样的，但是，关于光怎样准确的影响他们这个问题仍旧需要深入研究。隐花色素主要存在于视网膜中，但是他们在身体的很多靠近表皮的组织也有表达。这说明隐花色素可能没有可视功能，也可能影响蛋白质水平和表达。

2008-07-26 22:20

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